Free College Admissions Essays: Computer Science :: College Admissions Essays

Computer Science The computing industry as a whole becomes more prosperous, exciting and attractive as an employment prospect each day. It spans a wide range of modern applications, as does my enliven in the subject. I see computing science as a gateway into new realms of computing, where the highly challenging and demanding work may reap rewards of an equivalent level. My experience has grown over the past six years, outwith the areas of learning offered by school courses, and I see this course as an opportunity to gain new skills and put out my knowledge further. My main interests are varied, including communications and the internet, system analysis and design, software development, processors and low level machine studies. I nominate recently developed an interest in data encryption, hence my active participation in the RSA RC64 Secret-Key challenge, the latest international de-encryption contest from the RSA laboratories of America. In school, I have participated in tw o I.T. competitions with the lofty Bank of Scotland, the first of which provided a solution to Macintosh emulation on the Amiga platform, and this year, I am leading a team of five pupils to design a network solution and website for the new school here in Ullapool. I was also marketing director of a Young Enterprise team, gaining a doctrine pass in the exam, and producing a tourist brochure that has been a commercial success. I found that an invaluable learning experience due to the teamwork involved. I have also attended the Air Training Corps for two years, am currently a Senior cadet corporal and attained a accredit pass in the recent exam.. My other hobbies are equally varied, including Palaeontology, Geology and Snowboarding. For seven years I have been involved in the treatment of casualties, and administration at the Highland Wildlife Hospital Trust, run primarily by my parents.

James Joyces A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Flann OBrien

James Joyces A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Flann OBriens At Swim-Two-Birds and Modernist WritingThe Twentieth Century found books with a considerably different attitude and frame-of-mind than had the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. Two hundred years is, of course, a long time to allow change at bottom genres, but after the fairly gradual progression of the novel as a form, its change in the hands of modernism happened rapidly in comparison. Explaining how texts at heart the framework of modernist writing are different require laying out from what they are different, how, and why. A direct cause of, and coinciding with, literatures perfectly changing face was the Industrial Revolution and its subsequent changes upon the world. The largely realist approach to literature had served its course in widening the scope of the literary audience to classes new(prenominal) than the rulingmostly to the rising middle class with its increasing leisure time and importance as a market. This, hand-in-hand with the new ways of exploring, changing, viewing, and recording the world, signaled that a change was bound to occur in art, particularly in the literary arts. Victorian writers began to express their distaste with class systems and their fears of science but overall unbroken a fairly straight-forwardly linear approach to narrative. Those fears of science and how people interpreted its discoveries, combined with the decreasing necessity of near-journalistic novel-writing because of telegraphs and cameras, the dwindling power of Britain as an empire, and wars with deadlier outcomes than ever ahead stripped away many of the charms of realist writing. The change that had begun in the Victorian age led to the more drastic ... ...ames. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. immature York Barnes & Noble Books, 2004. Joyce, James. Occasional, Critical, and Political Writing. Oxford Oxcord UP, 2000. 104-107. Klages, Mary. Structuralism and Saussur e. University of Colorado. 6 Sept. 2001. Dept. of English, U. of Colorado. 28 Oct. 2005 . Lye, John. Some Attributes of Modernist Literature. Brock University. 1997. Dept. of English, Brock U. 14 Oct. 2005 . Morris, Pam. Realism. London Routledge, 2003. Obrien, Flann. At Swim-Two-Birds. Normal Dalkey Archive P, 2005. Ryf, Robert S., ed. A New Approach to Joyce. Berkeley University of California P, 1962. Schutte, William M., ed. Twentieth Century Interpretations of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Englewood Cliffs Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968. Watt, Ian. The Rise of the Novel. London Pimlico, 2000.

Human Rights Abuse on the U.S.-Mexican Border Essay -- illegal immigra

Human Rights Abuse on the U.S.-Mexican Border Between 1993-97 on that point was a 72% increase in funds provided to the Immigration and Naturalization Services. The INS has a mobile uniformed division responsible for policing the US-Mexican modelling called Border Patrol. With such a dramatic increase in just four years it is obvious that the border area is a pressing concern to the US government. The Border Patrol conducts inspections of travelers, regulates permanent and temporary immigration into the joined States and maintains control of the US borders, which amount to 8,000 miles. They also identify and remove persons who have no lawful immigration status in the United States. The border patrol works hand-in-hand with the INS to ensure that immigration policies are followed under United States law. There is an estimated 7,000 Border Patrol agents, all are armed and have the originator to stop and inspect whoever they please. The agents are continuously questioned on th eir conduct in how they perform their job. The majority of the questions come from human rights activists. These agents are enforcing US law on individuals attempting to enter the country but are the human rights of these individuals being violated? The topic of human rights is a major issue on the border and there is growing evidence to support the fact that human rights are being abused. In this paper I will identify the causes of human rights abuse in border areas, prove with individual and statistical testimony that human rights are being abused on the US-Mexican border, and present some efforts and policies for the promotion of human rights by both Mexico and the United States. Since the introduction of NAFTA the changes in immigration laws have put treme... ...o.com/sections/world/DailyNews/mexico_us_000824.html, Border Talk Mexicos President-Elect Proposes More Open Border, 2000, 1-4.. http//www.iadialog.org/immigrat.html, Immigration in U.S. Mexican Relations A Report o f the U.S.-Mexican Relations Forum, 1998, 7-10http//www.ins.gov/graphics/lawenfor/indes.htm, INS Issues Guidelines for INS Operations During Census 2000, 2000, 1-2.http//www.usembassy-mexico.gov//eSBordViol.html, Memorandum of Understanding Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Mexican States on Cooperation Against Border Violence, 1997, 1-4.http//usdoj.gov/oig/gatekpr/gkp01.htm, Background to the Office of the Inspector General Investigation, date unknown, 7-8.http//www.wsws.org/ articles/1999/jun1999/ins-j25.shtml, US Border Crackdown Sends Immigrant Deaths Soaring, 1999, 1-3.

Comparing Artist of the Beautiful, Rappaccinis Daughter, Birthmark and

Comparing Perfection in Artist of the Beautiful, Rappaccinis girlfriend, Birthmark and Prophetic Pictures In quartette of Hawthornes stories there is a struggle for power and control as a vehicle to obtain perfection or beauty. In The Artist of the Beautiful, Rappaccinis Daughter, The Birthmark and The Prophetic Pictures the characters argon controlled by their desire for perfection in their creations, only when they do not achieve their goals without sacrifice. In The Artist of the Beautiful Owen is spends age perfecting his creation. His quest for the Beautiful controls him. His sensitivity to delicate perfection affects him even physically as he is made ill by the large mechanical go engine. Being once carried to see a steam-engine...he turned pale and grew sick, as if something monstrous and unnatural had been presented to him. He is as delicate as the butterfly he creates. For Heavens sake...as you would not drive me mad, do not touch it The slightest pressure of your finge r would ruin me forever. In his obsessive pursuit of perfection he cuts himself finish from the human experience. He builds what he trusts he was created for without a thought to what he is sacrificing to achieve his goal. The butterfly is mysterious and beautiful, but for all of his effort it is destroyed. Years are sacrificed in the quest for perfection. To Owen the sacrifice may have been well worth it, but considering Hawthornes warnings about the folly of separating oneself from humanity in other stories, he may again be saying that Owens quest for mechanical perfection is an empty victory in light of the life and joy he could have had with Annie. In Rappaccinis Daughter the scientist sacrifices his own daughter to bot... ...retched lady...did I not warn you?, You did...but- I love him Apparently, the artist painted the truth and the fate of Elinors relationship with Walter, but persuaded by love, she chose to ignore his warnings. The power of the artist is clear. He tried to make Elinor see her future with Walter clearly. But it was the power of denial (and the power of love?) that Elinor chose to follow. I think Hawthorne may be implying in these stories that perfection is unattainable and the quest for it may be unrewarding, even fatal. In these and some of Hawthornes other stories, I believe he is reminding people of the delicate blessings of life. Our pursuit of happiness outside of a connection with other people and our reckless endeavor to supersede the power of the wizard(prenominal) may result in temporary satisfaction, but is ultimately unfulfilling and even dangerous.

Never Back Down Review Essay -- Movies Film

Never Back Down ReviewA)Event Synopsis and Theme1. The take up opens in the middle of a high-school football game, with Jake Tyler helping his police squad to win. Frustrated, one of the players from the opposing team taunts him ab let on the death of his father from drunk driving. Known for his hot temper, Jake immediately begins a brawl with the opposing player. The brawl is captured on the crowds mobile phones and personal video cameras, and soon is downloaded to the internet. This is in fact the last game Jake will play at this high school as he and his family is moving to Orlando, Florida. His recenter brother, Charlie (Wyatt Smith), has received a tennis scholarship at a school there. His mother (Leslie Hope) is upset that Jake often seems to be fighting and acquire into trouble, tho despite this, Jake and Charlie ar close.At his new school, Jake has a hard time fitting in. He catches the eye of a pretty classmate named Baja moth miller (Amber Heard) who seems to flirt w ith him. Later, he spots a fight going on campus where he sees a young man getting beaten. Although this is actually a alley kickboxing match, Jake mistakes this as bullying, and attempts to defend the man. He is surprised when everyone, including the young man, tells Jake to leave.In school the next day, the young man introduces himself to Jake as Max Cooperman (Evan Peters). He tells Jake that there argon videos on the internet of Jakes football brawl, gaining him a positive reputation on campus. He offers Jake a chance to learn mixed martial arts with his teacher, but Jake declines. Baja comes by and invites him to a party. At the party, held at a mansion, he meets the host, Ryan McCarthy (Cam Gigandet), who has seen the internet footage, challenges Jake to a fi... ...we were enjoying it. We sat in the best seat and no annoying sound.F) more or less Memorable Moment1.The last fight impressed me most. A lot of scene flashed in Jakes head and he use all his techniques to break d own Ryan. 2.The music delivered a victory-like feeling, the flashing scene of his life and the slow motion were responsible for this affecting moment.3.I and my friend nearly yelled out when Jake finally wins.G)Audience / Personal Response1.My friend, who likes talking while we are watching movie, seldom makes noise in this film. 2.I would recommend this film to young male. Theres really a lot of muddled commentary to be found here. Explorations of class structure and bored teenage anomie are attempted in Never Back Down, but who wants their social critique served with a garnish of male anguish? You do? Okay, well youll like the film then.

Never Back Down Review Essay -- Movies Film

Never Back Down ReviewA)Event digest and Theme1. The film opens in the middle of a high- aim football game, with Jake Tyler helping his team to win. Frustrated, one of the players from the opposing team taunts him about the death of his father from rum driving. Known for his hot temper, Jake immediately begins a brawl with the opposing player. The brawl is captured on the crowds mobile phones and personal video cameras, and soon is downloaded to the meshwork. This is in fact the ending game Jake will play at this high school as he and his family is moving to Orlando, Florida. His younger brother, Charlie (Wyatt Smith), has received a tennis scholarship at a school there. His mother (Leslie Hope) is upset that Jake often seems to be fighting and getting into trouble, but despite this, Jake and Charlie be close.At his new school, Jake has a problematical time fitting in. He catches the eye of a pretty classmate named Baja Miller (Amber Heard) who seems to flirt with him. Later, h e spots a fight going on campus where he sees a young man getting beaten. Although this is actually a street kickboxing match, Jake mistakes this as bullying, and attempts to defend the man. He is surprised when everyone, including the young man, tells Jake to leave.In school the next day, the young man introduces himself to Jake as Max Cooperman (Evan Peters). He tells Jake that there are videos on the internet of Jakes football brawl, gaining him a positive reputation on campus. He offers Jake a chance to learn mixed martial arts with his teacher, but Jake declines. Baja comes by and invites him to a party. At the party, held at a mansion, he meets the host, Ryan McCarthy (Cam Gigandet), who has seen the internet footage, challenges Jake to a fi... ...we were enjoying it. We sat in the best seat and no annoying sound.F)Most Memorable Moment1.The last fight impressed me most. A quid of scene flashed in Jakes head and he use all his techniques to knock down Ryan. 2.The music deliv ered a victory-like feeling, the flashing scene of his life and the dim motion were responsible for this affecting moment.3.I and my friend nearly yelled out when Jake finally wins.G)Audience / Personal Response1.My friend, who likes talking while we are watching movie, seldom makes noise in this film. 2.I would recommend this film to young male. Theres really a lot of muddled exposition to be found here. Explorations of class structure and bored teenage anomie are attempted in Never Back Down, but who wants their social judge served with a garnish of male anguish? You do? Okay, well youll like the film then.

Crash Essay

Crash Racism has been a big growth since the jump of time. We take a leak dealt with racism for as long as I can remember. In the movie crash, they deal with racism conflicts. In the beginning of the movie, two etiolate cops pulls over a couple and once the cop saw they were an African American couple, he tells them to step out of the railroad car even though they did postcode wrong. The cop in the movie took his anger out on the couple because earlier he was having uncovers with the insurance company and the guy who divine serviceed him was black.He felt that he was mistreated by the guy at the insurance company and decided to take his anger out on the African American couple. He should give birth not taken his anger out on this couple because he felt he was mistreated by a black male. He could have pulled them over and ask to see the driver license and insurance, instead of telling them to step out of the car immediately like they had done something wrong. Racism is the bi ggest issue our society faces today. Racism is not about just one race, all different cultures and Individuals deals with racism.He had no right to tell them to step out of the car because they were black. He could have a done the proper procedure by asking them to let him see some Identification and ran it through the system to impediment for warrants or to see if the driver was wanted. He also sexually assaulted the woman and blackmailed them. He thought for sure these two Individuals were criminals, because of their skin color. No one should eer judge someone because of their skin color is different from theirs.These two Individuals were treated very unfair because they were black. This particular scene happens to a lot of individuals in the world. not everyone is black that this happens too, because this could happen to any race in America. This movie was based on eight different characters that live in the city of Los Angles. Their stories argon all intertwined with one anoth er. They all come from different backgrounds and deal with issues dealing with racism. This movie definitely deals with stereotyping and how each of them deals with certain situations.In the movie a couple hires a locksmith to work on the locks but as soon as the woman sees him she automatically thinks he is a gangbanger because he has tattoos and because his clothes were baggy. Her first impression is plainly stereotyping because she thinks he is a gangbanger just from his tattoos and baggy clothes. Not everyone who wears baggy clothes and has tattoos. She thinks the worse of this man, when really he is just a hard worker who wants his fille to grow up in a nice environment.What could have been done differently in this situation is that she could have gotten to know him by communicating, instead of judge because of his tattoos and baggy clothes. Sometimes when people come to our homes we communicate with them and get to know them, only if it was for a short period of time. We sh ould not judge someone from what they atomic number 18 wearing or what tattoos are on their body. We do however, judge people without getting to know them first. If we take the time out and talk to someone we may get to know something about that person and get an impression from that.Judging is not always fair to that individual because they may be mistaken for something they are not. Racism is everywhere we go and every corner we turn. I do feel that racism has gotten better then when it was going on during segregation. No result where we live we will always face racism, no matter the skin color. Whether it is Chinese, black, white, Latino, or Persian we will always face racist situations. Racism is the biggest issue we face today and should be dealt with in a manner we all can overcome. No one should be judged because of their skin color, we cant help the color we were born.

International Politics Essay

Transformationis wholeness of the few words which could be employ in put up to define and describe the current situation of the supranational community. In each parts of the world, transformation is currently occurring from the simple acquisition of sensation product to a nonher. Such situation could be one of the few examples of the removes which atomic number 18 present in the current society. In the modern society, boundaries and limits had now been erased due to the engineering including the roll in the hays facing just ab turn up states in the global community.The past limitation of states in surpassing territorial boundaries of their own state is now removed. Such hindrances are not a concern any longer. The gaps in which divides states are now being linked therefore making each and everyone of us connected. The far away lands of Africa or Europe could now be reached through one click of a button. The then complicated processes of communication as healthy as the proc ess of foreign relations had changed due to globalization. The process of globalization became a significant change in the relations of states.In addition, states are not only the actors in the foreign community. The active employment of non-state actors had been highlighted in the past events which had recently occurred such as wars, conflicts and environmental phenomenon. In the past such as the events of the World War I, nations were the only actors in the war. Decisions were only influenced by the leaders of the states involved. Although international disposals were present in providing aid to the victims of the war, they were not equally involved in the decision making process. alone as these events unfold, it is evident that international organizations are similarly participating with the political issues at hand. In the principle of realism, the of import actors were only states however in the popular opinion of the liberalism theory, other actors such that of interna tional organizations, trans-national organizations, multinational corporations and the likes. In the book of Baylis and Smith, the authors stated that in Realists emphasize states ruthlessly self-interested search for territorial, military and economic resources (Baylis and Smith, 2008).On the other hand, Liberalism or Idealism pursues to promote internationalism during the inter-war period (Baylis and Smith, 2008). The theory of liberalisms main idea is to attach government together with good governance which pull up stakes create a connection between states and the societies of the global community. Liberalism promotes the need for the world to unite and commune with the issues of the international community equally. However, unlike the liberalism, realists approach the view of internationalism is translated as anarchy.(Baylis and Smith, 2008) Evidently, the world is already shifting and adopting another form of ideology other than realism which was mainly utilized in the past. In the inter-war years, the liberalist theorists started to promote their office in which advocates that international institutions should encourage the values of having order, justice, liberty and toleration within the relationship of states. It was believed in such theory that the conflicts between states could not only be resolved through the use of force and warfare.International institutions or organizations much act as mediators when conflicts are at hand. In addition, such international institutions essential be the area of discussion for the reason that it could create other actions in resolving disputes in a much objective manner. in that respectfore, the liberalists were adequate to influence every state in creating an international organization which lead to the creation of the League of Nations in which became the fundamental foundation of the United Nations.Although the ideas of the liberalists were idealistic, each state must be a member of the organization in orde r to fully accomplish and pursue the goals of the international organization. (Baylis and Smith, 2008) In our changing world, the past conflicts and issues of a state are realized to also be affecting the world. The recent war on terror had been actively participated by different states in order to deter the effect of terrorism. After the war on terror, many states changes their view point which such situationsfollowing the chief state which proclaimed the war.The war on terror became a global issue due to the involvement of different states. Additionally, international organizations became a great factor in such war. The war in Afghanistan for example, the United Nations became one of the main decision maker and caner of the war. The United Nations launched protocols and written agendas in order to promote action against the cruel ruling and the storage of the weapons of mass conclusion of Saddam Hussein. In the incident given, the United Nations played a great role in encouragi ng and promoting in the issue against terrorism.United Nations became one of the main actors is countering against terrorism unlike in the past. (Bredel, 2003) Another issue which is currently in debate until this day is the issues concerning the global environmentclimate change. This issue is one of the most controversial and debated issues because it is one of the problems of the world which passes the boundaries of states. Climate change not only affects the climate and the environment but also the politics and economics of each state. 1 of the few very specific problems under climate change is pollution.Pollution had been a great problem for different states for the reason that it encompasses the boundaries of states. It is cognize that most industries or factory excretes smoke which turns out to be air pollutants due to the machineries used to create products and the likes. Water pollution also has the alike(p) situation for the reason that it flows although out different fo rms of water and continuously flow to the water of other states. The problem obviously passes through the limitation of the international law and protocols available.The problem be throw ins a trans-national issue that requires states to cooperate and coordinate with each other in order to solve such crisis. With the issue of climate change, trans-national entities are the most reliable organizations in egg laying down such issues. Trans-national organizations provide states a much immediate and larger picture of the issue. overdue to the personality of trans-national organization, different organizations that aim for the same goals as others come together to be able to solve the dilemmas at hand.With the issue of climate change, the main agent which is very much focused is the United Nations. The international organization created a branch which focuses on the issues of environment which is the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The branch of United Nations provides answ er to the needs of each state in order to address the problem. The UNEP together with the states and other organizations with the same advocacy such as Green Peace and other local organizations with in the various states to be able to provide answer to the issue.The role of non-state actors and trans-national earningss had hold out significant in the international community due to the promotion of international organization during crisis. The power given to non-state actors as well as trans-national networks enable these agencies to freely interfere with the conflicts of states and within states. Therefore, these root words provide their own view points, influencing states and individuals with their perspective. Most of the time, such organizations changes the civil society which then results to the change of the government.One example that could be cited is the pursuance of NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) in Asia to promote change in the civil society, therefore promoting development within the society. It is stated by Harriet Bulkeley and Michele Merrill Betsill (2005) in their book that the international, regional, national and local interact with actors influencing the activities of different levels simultaneously (cited in O Riordan and Jordan 1996). With the statement given by the authors, it is evident that the role of non-state actors as well as trans-national organization is equally important as the responsibility of states.Therefore, the international order is changed due to the additional actors that are also acting in the international community. Currently, the international community is evidently reliant to non-state actors as well as to the trans-national networks due to the important role that it is undertaking with conflicts and decision making processes of a state. Non-state actors and trans-national networks had become one of the main components of international relations whether it may be in conflict resolution or in times of celebr ation.Such groups empower and support positive ideology due to the idealistic nature of most non-state and trans-national networks. The usual state-only theory had now been changed into a new form of relations of states which brings together actors that has the same goals to attain making the relations of states peaceful. Although most non-state actors and trans-national networks aims to create a united international community, there are also groups alike that promotes otherwise.One well known group is the Al-Qaeda which seeks to promote terror and violence from the eyes of most states. Although Al-Qaeda is seen as an extremist group in promoting change, it is also considered a trans-national network for the reason that it encompasses the boundaries of its home state and promotes their ideology to the world. The group creates networks in different parts of the world while maintaining a balance relation with other networks associated to the group.Due to the negative effects they such trans-national network is creating it definitely changes the order of the international community. Not only it brings terror to the whole global community but the group promotes division and conflict within the global society. (Pearlstein, 2004) In conclusion, the issues that the international community is facing are now crossing the boundaries of states such that of the terrorism and climate change. There is a need for states to get together and resolve such dilemma.Therefore, trans-national networks and non-state actors play a vital role in resolving such problems. The non-state and trans-national networks are the beat out area for the resolution of such conflicts because objectiveness within the situation is achieved. The international community sets the non-states actors and trans-national networks as the one of the numerous vital actors in the global community. The participation of such actors promotes the unity of the whole international community in times of crisis or trium ph.ReferencesBaylis J. , Smith S. , & Owens, P. Eds.(2008). The Globalization of World Politics An introduction to International Relations. raw(a) York Oxford University Press. Bredel, R. (2003). Long-term Conflict Prevention and Industrial Development The United Nations and Its Specialized Agency, UNIDO. Netherlands Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. Bulkeley, H. , and Betsill, M. M. (2005). Cities and Climate Change Urban Sustainability and Global Environmental Governance. London Routledge. Pearlstein, R. M. (2004). Fatal proximo? Transnational Terrorism and the New Global Disorder. TexasUniversity of Texas Press.

Racism In Breath, Eyes, Memory

The focal point of this paper is to evaluate and analyze the aspects of racism and racial discrimination in Edwidge Danticats Breath, Eyes, Memory, published by Vintage in May 18, 1998. This is the story of discrimination that details the life of a black immigrant girl. It would be narrated and discussed in the paper the basic aspects of racism and the elements that are investigated and represented in the text by the author. Thus it becomes mandatory to understand the different aspects of racial discrimination in view of the story and beyond.It can be stated that in this text the Haitian culture is narrated in a sensitive and insightful novel voice where the narrator Sophie mentions that I come from a place where breath, eyes and memory are one, a place where you carry your past like the hair on your head. (Danticat, 34) The parameters of life are headspring developed with the arrival into a new land, the US. Here in the story we find the authors view of this new culture is reali zed and exhaled in the alignment of the existing menace of racial discrimination.This is also a story where a girl under difficult circumstances moves into adulthood to distinguish mingled with freedom and discrimination. It can well be stated that a completely color blind society is what that is most welcomed in a democratic signifier of government but despite every sort of constitutional rights and social enigma the curse of racism continues to dominate in time the most developed and civilized states of the world. This racism is not only confined within the socio- economic anyy reluctant section of the population but has crept into various strata of the society and institutions, no matter undercover or public, are no exceptions.The parameters of racism states that humans are separated into various groups in the belief that some people are superior because they survive to a particular ethnic or national group. It could be summarized that racism is the result of having negati ve judgments, beliefs, and feelings towards certain identifiable groups. (Bell, 271-3) This is clearly seen in the text snip and again. However, the book starts off with a wonderful solace and tranquility where we find Sophie in a calm environment where a flattened and drying daffodil was temporary removal off the little card that I had made my aunt Atie for Mothers Day.(Danticat, 3) But soon it was found that as soon as the motherless pip-squeak moved to US to live with her mother after 12 years she found that life was much different and her skin color was to be doomed for that. Sexual abuse and rape came as an evident menace of the community and touchyships were in all along the line. Economic invalidity was a fact that to each one component of the community lived and this was more unbearable with the oppressed community creation discriminated in the social context.If we look closely enough, we would find that during the nineteenth and the early part of twentieth century it was the times of building, developing and sustaining a huge empire, later known as colonies, by the major players of the European politics. It should also be noted that this period, the 19th and the early part of 20th century, was also the fallout period of the essence of industrial revolution. Industrial revolution freed the entrepreneurs from the usual bondage of traditional economy and for the habitual it was the time for a new social bondage free from the earlier pseudo- feudal economic system.But all these developments also brought in new learning and new ideologies where ideas of human rights occupied a major role and were easy to come by with its influence. In this context and social structure it would have been very hard to digest the ideals of imperial expansions through the method of brutal strength. (Dollard, 116-7) This hard pill of colonialism with brutality needed some spooning with sweetness to become a favorable reminiscent digestible element for the general peo ple of the imperial states.As a result this phrase white mans burden came into existence as a remedy to the enlightens of the industrial revolution and people were ready to buy this theory as this theory easily softened the guilt feeling of the educated partitioning and apparently justified the brutal acts and decisions taken to control and cover the colonial agitations. It is not that the leaders of men and the men of their leaders never knew what was really button wrong in these colonies but kept both eyes blind towards these acts.This is because all of them and all the way they knew everything they did and everything they knew about the colonies were either immoral or tampered to the result of fallacy but could never digest the fact as it was too decadent for their psyche. (Border, 375) As for in the sector of employment it has been seen time and again that in that location is a system working as an open secret that discriminate colored or immigrants with job opportunity and salary. This discrimination is based on not only color or political distinction but also is depended upon other factors like class, creed, cast, religion, sex and even ideology.The sufferings of Sophie as a part of this backward class were the result of all these culminations. But hope lived on as ever. This aspect of hope is well placed in the story in the allegory of lottery tickets that Sophies aunt use to buy without ever gaining anything. According to Sophie She said that lottery was like love. Providence was not with her but she was patient. (Danticat, 6) However, it should be mentioned that all the sufferings and everything that has been stated above is a part of an ideology that the racial believe to be of ultimate truth.Of course, people acting as a racist never consider themselves a raciest as this idea of racism generally stands as a contrast with the idea of democracy but deep inside each of these individuals know that racism exists. All these constituents of the soci ety, a cross section of every class and morality, exist in the most democratic format of state and a member of the state they contribute their portion of racist feeling to the society and the white characters in the story hardly feels anything special about their deed or any special essence that they were actually doing any wrong.It was more like their system. (Brundage, 145-7) This goes through a snowball effect of which the ultimate result comes out as a cumulative act of racist behavior. This is the prime reason of Institutional Racism and the above stated facts are its impact on education, employment and health. It should be remembered that no one person could be treated or marked as a racist but the society, or better say sociological impacts, shape each of them to this finishing line. It must be stated in this context that the greatest racist in history Adolph Hitler did exactly that.He incorporated racism within the cross section of the German mass against the Jews though var ious methods like using media to his benefit and through overwhelming oratory. His views as a racist seeped into the general German mass that ultimately helped him to perform the notorious genocide killing 5 million Jews. The idea of racial discrimination through methodical racial institutionalization of education, employment and health was put into the ultimate practice with fearful results. (Cunningham, 24-5)Like Sophies aunt, and the essence of the story, we are also part of a dream of the cohesive community that exhibits some basic features. Firstly, such a community has a common aspiration, which is shared by all the citizens of the community. As a result, each member feels as much a part of it as the other. Secondly, despite the common vision a cohesive community continues to respect the unique character of all the sub-communities and each individual member. Thirdly, a cohesive community allows equal opportunities to everybody.Lastly, it should be mentioned that in a cohesive community strong interpersonal bonds are formed, even between individuals with dissimilar backgrounds, in social settings such as the neighbourhood, schools, colleges and offices. For long, people have dreamt of a society that contains no bar on the basis of being different from the main stream. But ultimately, it has been found that a dream like this is no more than a fallacy and this dream of a colorblind society has been be to be a patch of utopia. (Dos, 47-48) Works Cited Danticat, Edwidge Breath, Eyes, Memory New York Vintage May 18, 1998Bell, L Man, Society and Management Techniques (New Haven and London Yale University Press. 2006) pp 271-3 Border, S gentle Resource Strategies Games People Play (Remote Publishing Trust 2004) pp 375 Brundage, C Community Law and the Crusaders of Community (HBT Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 2000) pp 145-7 Cunningham, S A Introduction to Sociology (DLTT Publications Ltd. 2006) pp 24-5 Dos, M Advent of indigence (Alliance Publications 2007) pp 47-48 Do llard, John Zenith and Zero Point (New Haven and London Yale University Press. 2004) pp 116-7

British Imperialism in India

All the leadership had spent their early years in England. They were influenced by British thought, British ideas, that is why our leaders were al bureaus telling the British How washbasin you do these things? Theyre against your own basic values. . We had no hatred, in fact it was the other way round it was their values that made us revolt. -Aruna Asaf Ali, a leader of the Indian National Congress. There is no doubt that British imperialism had a large tinct on India.India, having previously been an group of independent and semi-independent princedoms and territories, underwent great change under British administration. Originally intended to consolidate their hold on India by establishing a population that spoke the same oral communication as their rulers, the British decision in the 1830s to educate Indians in a Western fashion, with English as the language of instruction, was the beginning of a chain of events, including a rise in Indian nationalism, that led to Indian resen tment of British imperialism and ultimately to the loss of British experience over India.One of the most important factors in the British loss of control over India was the establishment of English as a unifying language. front This in turn led to further resentment of British imperialism, and claims that military regulations were an attempt by the British to destroy the traditional caste system. There was, however, practically suspicion that this declaration meant nothing and that Britain had no intention of relinquishing control beyond simple aspects such as health services, agriculture and public whole kit (Cowie, 39, 1994).Ghanditms Western education allowed him to develop his radical technique of satyagrahatm or truth forcetm, whereby laws were opposed with the force of truth and moral consciousness alternatively of violence. This movement consisted mostly of British-educated intellectuals, and ironically was made possible by the British encouragement of higher education, o riginally intended to create a middle solicitude that could carry out simple administration jobs.Ghandi was shrewd enough to utilise the nature of British rule in India to win independence without too oftentimes bloodshed (Masani, quoted in Wood, 32, 1989). With this in mind, the Montagu Declaration was issued in 1917, promising gradualtm and progressivetm self-government for India. As well as the subdue nationalism that grew within the Indian National Congress, extreme nationalism was also becoming prevalent.While earlier in the century, the English language and European political principles gave rise to the Indian nationalist movement, these were the tools used to strengthen the movement and to create unity among the Indian people. (Cowie, 36, 1994) This Congress, however, had no power in terms of action and it can be seen as an attempt by the British to appease Indian nationalists who wanted progress. The Indian National Congress was the largest and most obvious nationalist g roup, organize so that educated Indianscould express dissatisfaction with the British colonial administration and suggest reforms.Ghandi also gained insight into his culture through discussion with English friends on religion, twain Christianity and Hinduism, which he now began to discover on a philosophical level (Masselos, 121, 1972). The publication of magazines and journals in English was also a great influence on the rise of Indian nationalism. to British colonisation, India was fragmented and multi-lingual, with 15 major languages and around 720 dialects. But in both cases there were actually both.

A day in Detroit Michigan

A day in Detroit Michigan It is a cold, cloudy, overcast morning in Detroit, Michigan. It is very remote here and there have entirely been a few large number I have seen walking the streets. I have seen only about four people so far as I am walking downtown, and those were African Americans. I have not seen any discolor people though at this date. I feel as If I am In an different country. Most of the urban center at this time Is very remote and there are not a lot of businesses that are still in business. I feel cold here and as I am walking the energy that I am feeling is very shut off and bare.I feel as If I am In a place where no one ants to be, and I am a little scared that I am walking these streets with Just my brother and l. Everyone that we have passed by have looked at us strangely probably wondering why we are walking these streets. It Is 1000 am In October here In Michigan. unwarranted leafs surround the sidewalks and streets as the colored leafs start changing. Th is Is my favorite time of year In Michigan. The sky is grey and the air is chilly so we are dressed to kill(p) pretty warm.The sun is trying to come by the clouds but so far it is still very cloudy and gloomy. No one is nigh and I am looking at the buildings in the city and how a lot of of Hess buildings are so different. There are a lot of abandoned buildings around and it looks as if non one wants to come and take care of them anymore. This is when that cold feeling really started kicking in as Im realizing that this city is so dead and seems resembling no one wants to keep this city alive anymore. The sun is finally starting to peak through the clouds now.It is now 230 in the afternoon here in Detroit. I have seen more people at this time walking around. When the sun started coming out, I felt that it touched the city in a way and made everything have more hope that surrounded me as I walked up and down these trees. The city had more of a positive feeling at this time, and t he sky was turning but and I even saw more people laughing and carrying on conversation through each other. The birds were chirping in the trees and the environment seemed more alive.The only down fall that I came to realize was when the sun came out, the streets started smelling and the weather started getting humid and muggy. A lot of people that lived in the city were homeless. That means the outside is their bathroom as well. As I started walking further away from downtown, I sight some houses along the way. I was in a bad neighborhood but no one seemed to be outside so I unbroken my head down and continued on my way. The houses were old and not well kept that had trash along the side of them and metal bars on the windows.Every other house on the block was abandoned. I felt sad and blessed at the same time. Sad because I felt so bad for the people that were living their life this way and blessed that I was able to come from such an amazing home and a fortunate family. Night wa s falling and I cam back to observe the night life In the city. I stayed In my car and drove around the city because I felt that at this time of day It was unsafe or me to be walking around. A lot of gang actively happens at this time and I would of been scared.There was a lot of merchandise and I looked and followed it to see what was awesome because events stuck as a Detroit Red Wings game still took place in the city. It was a nice surprise sightedness all these people wearing red wings Jerseys smiling with excitement about the game. I drove home with fulfillment that I got to experience a day in Detroit Michigan. Although at first it was a cold, gloomy, grey day, it turned out to be a good day. Being able to experience a day in Detroit reminded me to always be grateful for everything that I have.I think this experience will forever stay with me whe neer I feel as though I am having a bad day. I will always look back and remember that it could always be worse. I think everyone should snuff it a day in a less fortunate area to keep in mind how much you really do have and to not worry about the little things that life throws your way. To always remember that everyone you come in contact with is fighting a battle Just like you and to never treat those around you less than because we are all humans. Thank you for this humbling experience Detroit.

Kids Should Be Paid for Good Grades Essay

Money can be a motivation to encourage students to study hard. The students will feel that their perspiration is worthy when they are remunerated. Compensation for youngsterrens replete(p) grades can also nurture childrens construct or so money. And the last, parents can refuse their kids unreasonable pick up of purchasing and let them earn it. In general, kids should get paid for good marks. First, if kids get paid for good grades, they will be motivated to get towering marks. As they grow up, their demands on variety things will increase as well.However, their parents will not always satisfy their childrens needs with everything. At this point, rough children might be disappointed because they cannot get what they want even though they attain good grades. For instance, if a child wants an iPhone and the parents refuse the request because it is too expensive, the child will concentrate on the iPhone rather than study hard. Instead of saying no to the child, the parents can re ward good grades so that the child will get good marks in order to buy the phone.Of course, when the child has enough savings due to good performance, the child will eventually received what he or she desired. Thus, money can be a great incentive for children to study hard. Second, children will form financial concepts about the real value of money. They scantily know the purpose of money except it could be used to exchange with the goods they want. They did not know the value, power or even the amount of money. The perception of kids about money would probably be money comes out from mommys or daddys pocket. Therefore, paying children based on their grades allows them to know the concept of all pays deserve gains. Kids will soon realize that money comes from their effort and is for good reasons. Third, due to the modern society that we live in, kids are attracted by separate of fancy and luxury products and they might have unreasonable demand. Parents can refuse the unpractical demands of their children. The children will not understand their parents since they are immature.In order to establish a balance between buying what they want and they cannot have it, paying for good grades is a better solution. If kids get paid, they will keep studying hard. Paying for good school work does not only benefit the children, but also the parents. Kids will be motivated by the appeal of money, while their knowledge of finance will be developed simultaneously. In addition, kids will understand that they harvest what they plant. Therefore, kids should get paid for their good marks.

Job Enrichment

Organizational expression Concept suppose Enrichment Jared Stern Introduction The purpose of trouble Enrichment is a actually broad supposition in spite of appearance the field of schemeal behavior that is applic fitting within all sectors of arrangement. Used synonymously with wrinkle enlargement, the term concern enrichment refers to different methods that are aimed at increasing employees logical argument motivation, gratification, self-worth, in an test to ultimately annex the general employee productiveness within the governance.Research studies conducted on Job Enrichment and its influence on employee productivity date back to the 1950s and 1960s and throughout those age a wide material body of methods have emerged. Most ordinarily duty enrichment is attri thated to the surgical deal of subcontract re function in order to reverse the negative effects mo nonony of employee tasks, which allow acknowledge boredom, inadequacy of self-reliance and dissatis faction. different variances of trick enrichment include providing thespian motivators by involving the employee in the finale making growth, the implementation of quality ferment groups and team building, and hypothesise independence as an incentive to improver productivity.Evolution of the concept of Job Enrichment Beginning in the middle of the 20th century up until present day, the theory of phone line enrichment has offered mevery compelling concepts to increase employee productivity while simultaneously enriching the employees subject have, all of which remain applicable today. The betimes exerts which established Job enrichment among organisational behavior theorists was Frederick Herzbergs hygiene Theory and Hackman and Oldhams Job Characteristic Model.The Hygiene Theory The central figure in developing the theory of problem enrichment within the fashion vex of organizational behavior was Frederick Herzberg whos pivotal Hygiene Theory has channeld a solid basis and foundation for subsequent generations to stretch out upon. According to Herzberg, for a make waterer to be prosperous and therefore productive the environmental factors of his grazeplace must not cause him discomfort. Herzberg further asserts that although providing employees with a more than comfortable environment whitethorn in drama make them more productive, this does not necessarily mean they will be motivated to perform their duties.Simonds & Orife, 1975) Herzberg believed that the process of motivating workers is by enhancing their popular opinion of responsibility and connection to their work. In this case, Herzberg declares that it is the work itself that is rewarding. Managers tramp help the employees connect to their work by giving them more indorsement over the line of credit, as hygienic as offering request and individual feedback. The Job Characteristics Model In 1975 Hackman and Oldham advanced the ideas of Herzberg by introducing what they ca lled The Job Characteristics Model. This model is formulated on the surmise that if louver core line of merchandise characteristics are present, three psychological states critical to motivation are produced, resulting in positive outcomes. (Griffin, Patterson, & western hemisphere, 2001) The five core suppose characteristics constitute of skill variety, task identity, task meaning, autonomy, and feedback. Hackman and Oldham state that the three psychological states that motivation is dependent upon are experienced meaningfulness of work, responsibility for work outcomes, and knowledge of results. Hackman andOldham and so proclaim that to the degree that these psychological states are present, high personal employee work motivation will result. Relevance of Job Enrichment in 2007 The early works of Herzberg and Hackman & Oldham have put upd a feasible and effective framework for increasing employee productivity through chew over enrichment that is just as applicable today a s it was when their research was first conducted. inwardly the past half century there have been numerous researches conducted that provides useful empirical consequence to illustrate the rewards and benefits of production line enrichment.We will further discuss individually method that an organization can implement in an attempt to improve worker productivity through personal credit line implementation. Employee autonomy In a make analyzing mull over independence as an incentive device to increase employee productivity, Kay Mitusch emphasizes that when employee autonomy is present it can compensate for an organization wanting(p) an extrinsic reward course of instruction yet still remain productive. This is pivotal for explaining why workers in independent, responsible jobs are willing to invest in their jobs flush if there is no reliable, formalize system of rewarding them. (Mitusch, 2000) To provide further evidence of the success of employee autonomy as a method of job enrichment Griffin, Patterson, and West explored the relationship amongst teams and satisfaction using selective information from a large research project in the U. K. that investigated counseling practices and employee attitudes in manufacturing companies. The researchers conducted this nurture by distributing a questionnaire survey which asked them to rank their pet working conditions in response to hypothetical situations which were designed to relate to their actual work duties.The study showed that job enrichment was positively colligate to job autonomy but was not significantly related to perceptions of supervisory support. (Griffin, Patterson, and West, 2001) The researchers also concluded that while both autonomy and supervisory support were outstanding positive influences on job satisfaction, the positive association of teamwork on job autonomy was explained by job enrichment that accompanied teamwork and could not be attributed to teamwork itself. (Griffin, Patterso n, and West, 2001) This data shows that by simply trusting an employees expertise at his or her job and allowing them to operate more independently an employee will develop an increased level of job satisfaction and in turn increase the productive output of that worker. Skill Variety Another technique to enrich an employees work experience is to enforce employees with a wide ramble of skills so they can apply them to their daily work routine.In his article washcloth Collar Job Enrichment The wear Board Experience, Tim McNamar explored the honorarium Boards experience with job enrichment. By replacing a traditional method of processing cases with an approach built around work groups execute interrelated tasks, it increased productivity, provided soften motivation, and vastly improved opportunities for individual self-actualization and esteem. (McNamar, 1973) By changing the previous operational procedures and by allowing employees to engage in more of a shared task structure, the contribute Board experienced increased productivity across the spectrum. The decision to adopt a team concept for case management was not due to any of the traditional reasons given for blue collar job enrichment high absenteeism, low morale, and the like. Rather, it was instituted in hopes that it would drastically increase productivity. Nevertheless, the approach morose out to provide a variety of benefits, many of which directly related to the question of job enrichment. (McNamar, 1973) Also, the inclusion of employees in critical decisions that will effect the organization as a whole, shows return in the employees orale regarding their importance within the organization and in turn increase their motivation.In general, research on participative decision making has found that fraternity improves employees attitudes and increases their organizational commitment and job satisfaction. (DeLancer Julnes, 2001) Job Feedback Another key aspect of job enrichment can be achiev ed through the unreserved process of providing employees with useful feedback concerning the work performance along with clearly established expectations. Job enrichment focuses on creating individual tasks that give good deal feedback, increase their influence how work is d peerless, require them to use a variety of skills, and give them a whole piece of work. (Mohrman, Lawler, Mohrman, 1992) Task significance and task identity The installation of job enrichment by way of task significance is the extent to which an employees work has a meaningful stir on other jobs in the same workplace.This can be accomplished with the installation of teams within the employee work population. Teamwork typically involves groups of interdependent employees who work cooperatively to achieve group outcomes. Effective team implementation can lift the motivational properties of work and increase job satisfaction. (Griffin, Patterson, and West, 2001) A direct correlation between task significance and task identity can be seen by the use of teams and specific job duties. The idea of task identity is the measure to which the job requires completion of a number of whole and identifiable pieces of work. Theoretically, the choice between teams and individual job enrichment should be made based upon the technology of the workplace. Teams are more complicated to build and to maintain, but may be necessary if the work is such that no whiz individual can do a whole part of it and get feedback near it. Teams are often appropriate, for example, in process production facilities such as a chemical plants and oil refineries and in complex service organizations such as banks and air funds.Where the technology allows an individual to do a whole task or offer a whole service, individual designs are preferred because they are simpler to install and give the individual more direct feedback. (Mohrman, Lawler, Mohrman , 1992) The city of Rockville, MD conducted an essay where managers and li ne staff collaborated in the decision making process and the result was astonishing, including cost savings, improvement of morale and the appreciation of the need for productivity within the organization increased. The key ingredients in the programs success was the consultation with supervisors and employees and their involvement in selecting the projects. (Hobbs, 1976) Counter argument of job enrichment disdain all of the overwhelming evidence of the success that is attributed in implementing job enrichment programs there is a minority of speculators that job enrichment is not always the best option when an organizations sole accusatory is to reduce costs. The possible increase in the satisfaction of the employees is probably not a sufficient reason for managers to support job enrichment programs. A survey by Reif and Schoderbek showed that the main objective of top management in companies introducing job enrichment programs was to reduce costs. Hence, management support for a new job design approach has to be gained through a cost-benefit treatment to job design. (Globerson, 1977) If a companions sole aim is to reduce costs then investing in your up-to-date work force might not be the preferable avenue.However, if an organization or company is interested in to the full utilizing its talented workforce and provide increased worker motivation and in turn increase worker productivity, then adopting a job enrichment program is the near effective option. Conclusion passim the last few decades, the implementation of a job enrichment program has boomingly shown to increase employees job motivation, satisfaction, self-worth, in an attempt to ultimately increase the overall employee productivity within the organization.No matter what the function or sector of an organization whether it be a government agency, non-profit organization, or company operating within the mysterious sector, the implementation of job enrichment into your organization will result in the key areas of employee production and worker motivation. It is obvious through years of conducted research that a happy and motivated workforce coupled with an effective and flexible management will ultimately result in a passing productive organization.Works Cited Albers Mohrman, Susan, Lawler III, Edward E. , Mohrman, Allan M. 992. Applying Employee Involvement in Schools. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis DeLancer Julnes, Patria. 2001. Does Participation Increase Perceptions of Usefulness? Public Performance & Management Review Globerson, Shlomo. 1977. The solely Noticeable Difference in Complexity of Jobs. Management Science Griffin, Mark A. , Patterson, Malcolm G. , and West, Michael A. 2001. Job Satisfaction and Teamwork The Role of Supervisor Support Journal of Organizational Behavior Hobbs, Daniel D. Productivity Through histrion Incentive and Satisfaction. Public Productivity Review King, Albert S. 1974. Expectation Effects in Organizational Change. a dministrative Science Quarterly McNamar, Tim. 1973. White Collar Job Enrichment The Pay Board Experience. Public Administration Review Mitusch, Kay. 2000. Job Independence as an Incentive Device. Economica Simonds, Rollin H. and Orife, John N. 1975. Worker Behavior Versus Enrichment Theory. Administrative Science Quarterly Staudohar, capital of Minnesota D. 1975. An Experiment in Increasing Productivity of Police Service Employees Public Administration ReviewJob EnrichmentBased on a major study of High Performance Work Practices (HPWPs) in North America by Appelbaum et al. (2000) found that new forms of job design provided production line employees with the opportunity to contribute increased discretionary effort and to participate in workplace problem-solving. These researchers provided empirical evidence that conscious efforts by employers to increase employee discretion and job autonomy resulted in improved job satisfaction for employees and higher levels of organizational per formance (Appelbaum et al. 000). Workforce involvement in decision-making may also be consistent with job enrichment practices (Spence Laschinger et al. 2004). Job enrichment involves providing increased levels of responsibility to lower level employees, including the delegation of work tasks previously undertaken by supervisors, and the provision of increasingly skilled tasks to line employees.The theoretical basis for enrichment efforts is Hackman and Oldhams (1975) job characteristics model, which explores how a combination of specific job characteristics such as skill variety and task significance affect the individuals experience of meaningful work and their sense of responsibility for work outcomes. These characteristics have, in turn, been linked to improvements in work motivation, job satisfaction and work quality, reduced absenteeism and lower labour turnover (Ford 1969 Hackman et al. 1975).However, job enrichment has received wide publicity but has not always produced fa vourable results in the workplace. A great deal of debate exists over the benefits and limitations of job enrichment it clearly is not for everyone. Ralph Brown (2004) summed it up very nicely Some people are very resistant to more responsibilities or to opportunities for personal growth. Researchers report that some people they expected to resist seized the opportunity. Enriching jobs is a particularly effective way to develop employees provided the jobs are truly enriched, not just more work for them to do.The disadvantages are that job enrichment may lead to greater work pressure and that employees have to start performing tasks which were not originally required of them. Job design Job design is the specification of the content of a job, the material and equipment required to do the job, and the relation of the job to other jobs. A well-designed job promotes the achievement of the organizations strategical business objectives by structuring work so it integrates management requ irements for efficiency and employee needs for satisfaction.Thus, effective job design presents a major challenge for the HR manager. And job enrichment is one of the methods of job design. Job enrichment is an attempt to motivate employees by giving them the opportunity to use the range of their abilities. It is an idea that was developed by the American psychologist Frederick Hertzberg in the 1950s. It can be contrasted to job enlargement which simply increases the number of tasks without changing the challenge. As such job enrichment has been described as vertical loading increases the complexity of work to promote interest.Thus, job enrichment builds motivating factors into the job content by combing tasks, establishing client relationships, creating natural work units, expanding jobs vertically and opening feedback channels. Supporter Patterson, West and yammer (2004) found that firms providing lower level employees with job enrichment and skill enhancement experienced a signi ficant boost in productivity and profitability. A Sri Lankan study of the impact of introducing self managed teams in a large textile mill reported increased productivity, higher product quality, lower reject rates and higher employee satisfaction.The process of delegating increased decision-making responsibility to workplace teams changed the organizations structures, decision making processes and job design at workplace level, with increased levels of empowerment and knowledge being provided to team members (Jayawardana and Fonseka 1996). Nevertheless, the potential for improved performance outcomes to follow the provision of increased employee input into workplace decision-making relies on employee acceptance of the relevance of these practices and on the instauration of a climate of involvement.One means of creating this climate is to appoint work group leaders who will model the behaviours valued by the organisation, and who are also able to motivate employees to mirror these behaviours (Richards and Vandenberg 2005). In Sri Lankas Garment Industry, the manager introduced process understandlers into the three production lines from January to April 2002 line employees underwent a series of study programs. The training focused on the companys customers and products, the production process and techniques related to increasing quality and problem-solving.The sessions were conducted by the plant manager, the quality assurance manager and the work study manager. Each session was followed by a discussion with production line members. The training programs lasted for two hours after work, with all line employees paid for their participation. At production meetings, held once a week, line employees were given feedback on their performance, in particular in relation to line efficiency and end-line rejects. During the initial training, production line employees were given a briefing on market conditions in the industry and customer requirements.They were also pr ovided with an opportunity to study their lines performance for the previous three months in relation to on-time delivery, total rejects and customer returns. The training provided encouraged employees to take responsibility for performance outcomes such as product reject rates and on-standard efficiency levels. The training manager provided feedback to line employees where the performance of one production line lagged that of the organisation as a whole. The training also addressed skill development, the organisation of work and the use of computer-aided information systems and quality control systems.Each machine was equipped with a computer terminal, which gave details of efficiency standards, losses, stoppages and earnings based on incentive payments. The case explored the impact of a job enrichment gap to devolve increased responsibility for monitoring workplace productivity, product quality and workforce attendance to line employees. We found that the introduction of process controllers generated substantial improvements in LM Collections performance over this expiration.Efficiency levels rose from 41 per cent to 61 per cent and product rejects declined from 10 per cent to 2 per cent, while absenteeism levels declined from almost 10 per cent to 2. 4 per cent by March 2003. On the whole, productivity levels improved, product quality increased and workforce absence and turnover episodes declined over the period of this study. Critiques In the other hand, there are drawbacks of job enrichment when the HR managers do not think about the matters from employees, and no one seems to mention the costs.In some employees eyes, the job enrichment is merely an enforce change to jobs in order for the organisation to obtain higher productivity from its workers. With the pressure of more responsibilities and tasks, the employees may not have bounteous time to give the feedback of performance. Either actually the workers do not want enriched their jobs or the job is not that easy to enrich. . Job enrichment is a type of job redesign intended to reverse the effects of tasks that are repetitive requiring little autonomy.Some of these effects are boredom, lack of flexibility, and employee dissatisfaction (Leach & Wall, 2004). The underlying principle is to expand the scope of the job with a greater variety of tasks, vertical in nature, that require self-sufficiency. Since the goal is to give the individual exposure to tasks normally reserved for differently focused or higher positions, merely adding more of the same responsibilities related to an employees current position are not considered job enrichment.Job enrichment can only be truly successful if planning includes support for all phases of the initiative. Ohio State University Extension began a job enrichment program in 1992 and surveyed the participants five years later. The results, broken down into 3 sub-buckets of data beyond the main grouping of advantages/disadvantages as shown in Tabl e 1, indicate the University had not fully considered the planning and administrative aspects of the program (Fourman and Jones, 1997).While the benefits are seemingly obvious, programs kick downstairs not because of a lack of benefits, but rather due to implementation problems. These problems can include a perception of too great a cost, lack of long-term commitment of resources, and potential job classification changes (Cunningham and Eberle, 1990). In order for a job enrichment program to produce positive results, worker needs and organizational needs must be analyzed and acted upon. According to Cunningham and Eberle (1990), before an enrichment program is begun, the following questions should be asked 1.Do employees need jobs that involve responsibility, variety, feedback, challenge, accountability, significance, and opportunities to learn? 2. What techniques can be implemented without changing the job classification plan? 3. What techniques would require changes in the job cl assification plan? A job enrichment program can be a very effective intervention in some situations where a Performance Technician is faced with a request for motivational training. ConclusionIn my opinion, job enrichment can bring about improvement in both job performance and job satisfaction. A survey of almost 100 research studies found job enrichment resulted in greater productivity, improved product quality, fewer employee grievances, improved worker attitudes reduce absenteeism and labour turnover, and lower costs. Therefore, improved quality of working life brought about by job enrichment has not only social benefits but also bottom-line benefits to the organization.Job EnrichmentOrganizational Behavior Concept Job Enrichment Jared Stern Introduction The concept of Job Enrichment is a very broad theory within the field of organizational behavior that is applicable within all sectors of organization. Used synonymously with job enlargement, the term job enrichment refers to dif ferent methods that are aimed at increasing employees job motivation, satisfaction, self-worth, in an attempt to ultimately increase the overall employee productivity within the organization.Research studies conducted on Job Enrichment and its influence on employee productivity date back to the 1950s and 1960s and throughout those years a wide variety of methods have emerged. Most commonly job enrichment is attributed to the process of job redesign in order to reverse the negative effects monotony of employee tasks, which will include boredom, lack of autonomy and dissatisfaction. Other variances of job enrichment include providing worker incentives by involving the employee in the decision making process, the implementation of quality work groups and team building, and job independence as an incentive to increase productivity.Evolution of the concept of Job Enrichment Beginning in the middle of the 20th century up until present day, the theory of job enrichment has offered many com pelling concepts to increase employee productivity while simultaneously enriching the employees work experience, all of which remain applicable today. The early works which established Job enrichment among organizational behavior theorists was Frederick Herzbergs Hygiene Theory and Hackman and Oldhams Job Characteristic Model.The Hygiene Theory The central figure in developing the theory of job enrichment within the framework of organizational behavior was Frederick Herzberg whos pivotal Hygiene Theory has contributed a solid basis and foundation for subsequent generations to expand upon. According to Herzberg, for a worker to be happy and therefore productive the environmental factors of his workplace must not cause him discomfort. Herzberg further asserts that although providing employees with a more comfortable environment may in turn make them more productive, this does not necessarily mean they will be motivated to perform their duties.Simonds & Orife, 1975) Herzberg believed t hat the process of motivating workers is by enhancing their feeling of responsibility and connection to their work. In this case, Herzberg proclaims that it is the work itself that is rewarding. Managers can help the employees connect to their work by giving them more authority over the job, as well as offering direct and individual feedback. The Job Characteristics Model In 1975 Hackman and Oldham advanced the ideas of Herzberg by introducing what they called The Job Characteristics Model. This model is formulated on the assumption that if five core job characteristics are present, three psychological states critical to motivation are produced, resulting in positive outcomes. (Griffin, Patterson, & West, 2001) The five core job characteristics consist of skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback. Hackman and Oldham state that the three psychological states that motivation is dependent upon are experienced meaningfulness of work, responsibility for wor k outcomes, and knowledge of results. Hackman andOldham then proclaim that to the degree that these psychological states are present, high personal employee work motivation will result. Relevance of Job Enrichment in 2007 The early works of Herzberg and Hackman & Oldham have provided a feasible and effective framework for increasing employee productivity through job enrichment that is just as applicable today as it was when their research was first conducted. Within the past half century there have been numerous researches conducted that provides useful empirical evidence to illustrate the rewards and benefits of job enrichment.We will further discuss each method that an organization can implement in an attempt to improve worker productivity through job implementation. Employee autonomy In a study analyzing job independence as an incentive device to increase employee productivity, Kay Mitusch emphasizes that when employee autonomy is present it can compensate for an organization lac king an extrinsic reward program yet still remain productive. This is pivotal for explaining why workers in independent, responsible jobs are willing to invest in their jobs even if there is no reliable, formalized system of rewarding them. (Mitusch, 2000) To provide further evidence of the success of employee autonomy as a method of job enrichment Griffin, Patterson, and West explored the relationship between teams and satisfaction using data from a large research project in the U. K. that investigated management practices and employee attitudes in manufacturing companies. The researchers conducted this study by distributing a questionnaire survey which asked them to rank their preferred working conditions in response to hypothetical situations which were designed to relate to their actual work duties.The study showed that job enrichment was positively related to job autonomy but was not significantly related to perceptions of supervisory support. (Griffin, Patterson, and West, 20 01) The researchers also concluded that while both autonomy and supervisory support were important positive influences on job satisfaction, the positive association of teamwork on job autonomy was explained by job enrichment that accompanied teamwork and could not be attributed to teamwork itself. (Griffin, Patterson, and West, 2001) This data shows that by simply trusting an employees expertise at his or her job and allowing them to operate more independently an employee will develop an increased level of job satisfaction and in turn increase the productive output of that worker. Skill Variety Another technique to enrich an employees work experience is to utilize employees with a wide range of skills so they can apply them to their daily work routine.In his article White Collar Job Enrichment The Pay Board Experience, Tim McNamar explored the Pay Boards experience with job enrichment. By replacing a traditional method of processing cases with an approach built around work groups pe rforming interrelated tasks, it increased productivity, provided better motivation, and vastly improved opportunities for individual self-actualization and esteem. (McNamar, 1973) By changing the previous operational procedures and by allowing employees to engage in more of a shared task structure, the Pay Board experienced increased productivity across the spectrum. The decision to adopt a team concept for case management was not due to any of the traditional reasons given for blue collar job enrichment high absenteeism, low morale, and the like. Rather, it was instituted in hopes that it would drastically increase productivity. Nevertheless, the approach turned out to provide a variety of benefits, many of which directly related to the question of job enrichment. (McNamar, 1973) Also, the inclusion of employees in critical decisions that will effect the organization as a whole, shows improvement in the employees orale regarding their importance within the organization and in tu rn increase their motivation.In general, research on participative decision making has found that participation improves employees attitudes and increases their organizational commitment and job satisfaction. (DeLancer Julnes, 2001) Job Feedback Another key aspect of job enrichment can be achieved through the simple process of providing employees with useful feedback concerning the work performance along with clearly established expectations. Job enrichment focuses on creating individual tasks that give people feedback, increase their influence how work is done, require them to use a variety of skills, and give them a whole piece of work. (Mohrman, Lawler, Mohrman, 1992) Task significance and task identity The installation of job enrichment by way of task significance is the extent to which an employees work has a meaningful impact on other jobs in the same workplace.This can be accomplished with the installation of teams within the employee work population. Teamwork typically inv olves groups of interdependent employees who work cooperatively to achieve group outcomes. Effective team implementation can enhance the motivational properties of work and increase job satisfaction. (Griffin, Patterson, and West, 2001) A direct correlation between task significance and task identity can be seen by the use of teams and specific job duties. The idea of task identity is the measure to which the job requires completion of a number of whole and identifiable pieces of work. Theoretically, the choice between teams and individual job enrichment should be made based upon the technology of the workplace. Teams are more complicated to build and to maintain, but may be necessary if the work is such that no one individual can do a whole part of it and get feedback about it. Teams are often appropriate, for example, in process production facilities such as a chemical plants and oil refineries and in complex service organizations such as banks and airlines.Where the technology a llows an individual to do a whole task or offer a whole service, individual designs are preferred because they are simpler to install and give the individual more direct feedback. (Mohrman, Lawler, Mohrman , 1992) The city of Rockville, MD conducted an experiment where managers and line staff collaborated in the decision making process and the result was astonishing, including cost savings, improvement of morale and the appreciation of the need for productivity within the organization increased. The key ingredients in the programs success was the consultation with supervisors and employees and their involvement in selecting the projects. (Hobbs, 1976) Counter argument of job enrichment Despite all of the overwhelming evidence of the success that is attributed in implementing job enrichment programs there is a minority of speculators that job enrichment is not always the best option when an organizations sole objective is to reduce costs. The possible increase in the satisfaction o f the employees is probably not a sufficient reason for managers to support job enrichment programs. A survey by Reif and Schoderbek showed that the main objective of top management in companies introducing job enrichment programs was to reduce costs. Hence, management support for a new job design approach has to be gained through a cost-benefit treatment to job design. (Globerson, 1977) If a companys sole aim is to reduce costs then investing in your current work force might not be the preferable avenue.However, if an organization or company is interested in fully utilizing its talented workforce and provide increased worker motivation and in turn increase worker productivity, then adopting a job enrichment program is the most effective option. Conclusion Throughout the last few decades, the implementation of a job enrichment program has successfully shown to increase employees job motivation, satisfaction, self-worth, in an attempt to ultimately increase the overall employee prod uctivity within the organization.No matter what the function or sector of an organization whether it be a government agency, non-profit organization, or company operating within the private sector, the implementation of job enrichment into your organization will result in the key areas of employee production and worker motivation. It is obvious through years of conducted research that a happy and motivated workforce coupled with an effective and flexible management will ultimately result in a highly productive organization.Works Cited Albers Mohrman, Susan, Lawler III, Edward E. , Mohrman, Allan M. 992. Applying Employee Involvement in Schools. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis DeLancer Julnes, Patria. 2001. Does Participation Increase Perceptions of Usefulness? Public Performance & Management Review Globerson, Shlomo. 1977. The Just Noticeable Difference in Complexity of Jobs. Management Science Griffin, Mark A. , Patterson, Malcolm G. , and West, Michael A. 2001. Job S atisfaction and Teamwork The Role of Supervisor Support Journal of Organizational Behavior Hobbs, Daniel D. Productivity Through Worker Incentive and Satisfaction. Public Productivity Review King, Albert S. 1974. Expectation Effects in Organizational Change. Administrative Science Quarterly McNamar, Tim. 1973. White Collar Job Enrichment The Pay Board Experience. Public Administration Review Mitusch, Kay. 2000. Job Independence as an Incentive Device. Economica Simonds, Rollin H. and Orife, John N. 1975. Worker Behavior Versus Enrichment Theory. Administrative Science Quarterly Staudohar, Paul D. 1975. An Experiment in Increasing Productivity of Police Service Employees Public Administration Review

Evolution of bullying Essay

Bullying doings has been continuously changing over the years. Different forms of bullying have emerged and they continue to develop and be apply in the schools. Technology has played a very big role in the evolution of the behavior. The front forms of bullying that have existed over the years included both direct and indirect methods that were intaked in the figure. The methods continue to be in use till today but have been evolved by the use of technology. Name calling was one of the types of bullying that were apply by the bullies on the victims (Stanffordshire, n.d).The victims were given certain name calling that were int decisioned to humiliate them and lower their self esteem. The method has since evolved and is in use in more places kinda than just in schools. Physical bullying has besides evolved from the physical injuries that were inflicted on the victims and it has included theft as a method that is used to admit threats and lead to the violence. Social isolatio n that was once used to suffice the victims stay alone without friends and was experienced by children of all age groups has evolved to also include homophobic isolation. prejudiced isolation is the type of isolation that is practiced by the bullies on the children who ar termed as gay or they are seen to be gay (Stanffordshire, n. d). It also includes those seen to be bisexual or they portray characteristics that make them search to be associated with the opposite sex. It is being practiced in the secondary schools and higher levels of education. The method is normally overspread through the societal websites through gossip and in different websites. One form of bullying that has emerged in schools involves the abuse that is directed on children who are of divers(prenominal) races and cultures.This form of bullying has been growing over the years with cases being reported that show the increase. The cases also show that the bullying is also changing according to the differen t age groups. 25% of children of age 8 were seen to be bullied more compared to the children who were 5 years who only do 20% of the overall cases in that age group (Stanffordshire, n. d). Cyber bullying is the latest and most commonly used form of bullying in the schools today. It continues to evolve with the changes in technology. It uses text messages, emails and various posts on websites as a way of bullying.Studies show that over 20% of young people in schools who are between the ages of 11 and 19 have been bullied through this form of bullying (Stanffordshire, n. d). The children in the schools today are growing up in a different technological instauration that is very different from that of the adults. They have experienced teaching and technological developments that they are now using to evolve the bullying practice. The environment in the technological world is becoming threatening and is creating anxiety among the children. They are misusing the technology especially t he mobile and internet to bully others. everyplace 22% of young people have been reported to lead out cyber bulling (Digizen, n. d). They are able to enrapture out the self-coloured practice remaining anonymous to the victim. This form of bullying has made it possible for the bullies to carry out the practice at any time or place (Digizen, n. d). Effects of Bullying on that point are various consequences that are seen to arise from the practice of bullying. Students who are seen to bully others tend to carry the practice out of school and they tend to she-bop involved in criminal activities and they experience a draw play of legal trouble in their adulthood.They maintain this behavior even in the workplaces negatively affecting their mogul to develop relationships that are positive. A study has proven that 60% of the students who were bullies when they were in grade 6-9 were convicted of a villainy by the age of 24 (Banks, 1997). The bullies are also prone other problematic behaviors such as smoking, alcohol and drug abuse. Victims of bullying tend to be very unhappy while in schools and they end up getting depressed and have low self esteem (Wright, 2003).Their school work is change and they may choose to remain at home instead of going to school. They tend to isolate themselves from social activities that involve the schools and this makes them even lonelier. The loneliness and depression may lead them to commit suicide. This is particularly in the cases of stirred up bullying where the emotions are targeted by the bullies. The victims also have difficulties when forming relationships in the future. The by standers who witness the bullying also get affected by it.They are not able to stop the bullying or protagonist out the victim even though he or she may be their friend. Some are usually afraid of becoming the next victim so they end up avoiding confronting the bully. Others on the other hand may be of the opinion that the victim deserved the bu llying (Sampson, 2002). They may actively get involved by teasing and ostracizing the victim and motivating the bully. They may also know less responsible for the actions that are going on when they are in a group. Hence they do not feel the urge to help the victim.Role of Teachers and School Administrators Teachers and school administrators have a role to play in preventing bullying in the schools and making the schools a safe haven free from any bullying activities. They should depression be aware of the existence of the problem so that they can develop measures to intervene. The teachers can help key out the existence of the practice and encourage the victims of bystanders to speak out. The interventions that are developed should be able to include the whole school and not intimidate the bullies or the victims either (Olweus, n. d).Teachers and the school administrators can also help site the areas that are used by the bullies to attack the victims since they mostly do so in private and hugger-mugger areas. They should therefore eliminate the existence of such areas within the schools compound. They can also involve the students to develop rules within the classrooms that are against the behavior. To increase awareness of the problem to the parents, the school administrators should develop parent teacher days to make the parents aware of the problems existence and the importance of the parents to get involved in the whole process (Sampson, 2002).

Hunting Snake by Judith Wright Essay

eldest of all remember that we would never know what ex operationly the poet is trying to mention and non of the comments mint said to be wrong Great black snake represents the aborigin people in Australia and the person who gets sc ard of this snake is an English occupier. The word black is simply you can understand that it means black people and snake is a doddering animal who lives on their own land just humans are the occupiers and the writer at the same time fears and reveres the snake while the snake fled which mean the snake is also afraid of the people.As you can understand in present time, English people have started moving to Australia in clubhouse to get that place and the aborigins, the original people of Australia is being ignored at the same time we admire them but this admire is so extreme and unnecessary that we make them feel like theyre wild animals. And if you ever go to Australia, you would see that the tour guides would show the local people of Australia, the aborigins with their hands and we would admire them but we will never chat with them or have any talk between as we are scared and this is also the way we treat the wild animals.In the first stanza, we can see a perfect Picture of the atmosphere. The sky is in gentlest way despite when the person sees that great black snake, we can understand that with using the word great, person admires the snake. But why is the word black is use? As you can understand the color black represents darkness which humans fear. Also dont we talk about racism, the black and white people. We treat the black people as the same way, we act like theyre aliens, like theyre different from us and also we show an unnecessary fall of admire which makes them more alienated.

Mass and Gravitational Potential Energy

WORK and ENERGY Work done by a unvaried force 1-The drawing destines a flavourless diving toward the ground and then climbing back upward. During to each one of these motions, the lift force acts perpendicular to the faulting , which has the same order, 1. 7 ? 103 m, in each case. The engines of the plane employ a thrust , which points in the direction of the displacement and has the same magnitude during the dive and the climb. The weight of the plane has a magnitude of 5. 9 ? 104 N. In both motions, net influence is performed due to the combined treat of the forces , and . a. Is more net work done during the dive or the climb?Explain. b. Find the difference amid the net work done during the dive and the climb. Answer a. More net work is done during the dive. b. 6. 8 ? 107 J 2- Find the work done by a force through a displacement of 3m in the positive x direction Work-Energy theorem and energising energy 3-The sens of the space probe is 474-kg and its sign velocity is 2 75 m/s. If the 56. 0-mN force acts on the probe through a displacement of 2. 42? 109m, what is its final exam travel rapidlying? Answer 4-Example 2 Skier Gravitational Potential Energy, Conservative versus Nonconservative Forces 5-The gymnast leaves the tsideoline at an sign height of 1. 0 m and reaches a maximum height of 4. 80 m before falling back down. What was the initial animate of the gymnast? Answer 6-A man lifts a book of mass 0. 45 kg at a constant speed from a shelf 1. 2 m high to a shelf 2 m high 1) calculate a)The change in PE b)The work done by the man c)The work done by gravity 2) If the book falls down from the second shelf, calculate its speed as it passes the first shelf, and its speed when it hits the ground. The Conservation of Mechanical Energy 7-A motor wheel horse is trying to leap across the goatyon by driving horizontally off a cliff 38. 0 m/s.Ignoring job resistance, find the speed with which the cycle strikes the ground on the other view. Answer 8-T he skateboarder in the drawing starts down the left side of the ramp with an initial speed of 5. 4 m/s. If nonconservative forces, such as kinetic friction and air resistance, are negligible, what would be the height h of the highest point reached by the skateboarder on the right side of the ramp? 9-The drawing shows a person who, starting from rest at the top of a cliff, swings down at the end of a rope, releases it, and falls into the water downstairs. There are two runways by which the person can enter the water.Suppose he enters the water at a speed of 13. 0 m/s via path 1. How fast is he moving on path 2 when he releases the rope at a height of 5. 20 m above the water? Ignore the effects of air resistance. 10-The figure below illustrates the motion of a mass m = 300 kg as it slides along a track, which has runny segments (frictionless). If the mass was released from rest at point A on the track, fill the table below. PEKEMEv A B C D E Nonconservative Forces and the WorkEnerg y Theorem 11-The 8 kg mass shown in the visualise moves 5 m up an submitd (? = 30o) rough surface (? k= 0. 2) as a topic of the applied tension (T = 40N).If the mass started from rest and neglecting the masses of the pulley and the string, find a. The work done by the frictional force b. The work done by gravitational force c. The work done by tension d. The speed of the object at the end of its motion 12-From point A to B on the rough surface, the cyclist lost 2000J of energy due to the frictional force of the rough surface of the 10 m road. She started with an initial speed vA at point A, arriving at point B with a speed of vB. The cyclist barely made it to the flat part (point C) of the frictionless surface without pedaling.If the weight of the bike and the cyclist is 980N, and point C is located at h = 0. 5 m above the ground, find a. The speed of cyclist at point B, vB b. The speed of cyclist at point A, vA c. The coefficient of kinetic friction, k , mingled with the bike t ires and the road. 13-The figure below depicts the motion of a mass m = 300 kg as it slides along a track, which has one smooth segment and two rough segments of kinetic friction coefficient of 0. 4. If the mass was released from rest at point A on the track, a. Find the point where the KE of the mass is zero (i. e. oint E where the mass comes to a complete stop) b. Plot (draw) the kinetic energy of the 300 kg mass as a function of position from point A until point D. Show all work, use proper scale, show equations and substitution with units and show all points on the graph. 14-The ambulance shown in the figure below (3000 kg) slides down a frictionless incline that is 10m long. It starts from rest at point A. Then it continues along a rough surface (BC) until it comes to a complete stop at point C. a. Calculate its speed at point B b. If the coefficient of kinetic friction of the rough segment (BC) is 0. , calculate the distance d the ambulance slides on before stopping. Power 15- Bicyclists in the Tour de France do enormous amounts of work during a race. For example, the average power per kilogram generated by scape Armstrong (m = 75. 0 kg) is 6. 50 W per kilogram of his body mass. a. How much work does he do during a 135-km race in which his average speed is 12. 0 m/s? b. Often, the work done is explicit in nutritional Calories rather than in joules. Express the work done in part (a) in terms of nutritional Calories, noting that 1 joule = 2. 389 ? 10-4 nutritional Calories. 16-You are working out on a rowing machine.Each time you pull the rowing bar toward you, it moves a distance of 1. 2 m in a time of 1. 5 s. The readout on the display indicates that the average power you are producing is 82 W. What is the magnitude of the force that you exert on the handle Graphical analysis 17- The graph below represents the kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, and total mechanical energy of a moving parry. Which statement best describes the motion of the block? a) Accelerating on a flat horizontal surface b) Sliding up a frictionless incline c) Falling freely d) Being lifted at constant velocity e) A fluid flux in a river